A clinical report from 1992 showed that the severe pain was persistent and did not respond to morphine. Information obtained from case studies shows that the pain develops into a long-lasting hyperalgesia that can persist for months but usually lasts from a few days to a few weeks. Swelling rapidly develops around the entry wound and gradually spreads outward. However, it produces excruciating pain that may be intense enough to incapacitate the victim. Platypus venom possibly the most painful of all venom's In 2006, Payne reported discomfort and stiffness when carrying out some physical activities, such as using a hammer." One month later he was still experiencing pain in that hand. He described the pain as worse than being struck by shrapnel. In 1991, Keith Payne, a former member of the Australian Army and recipient of the Victoria Cross (Australia's highest award for valour) was struck on the hand by a platypus spur, while trying to rescue the stranded animal. "Although powerful enough to paralyze smaller animals, the venom is not lethal to humans. Adopt pets from your local animal rescues/shelters, there are plenty of animals just waiting for a home. JOIN OUR DISCORD! Check out our related subreddits Check out the /r/Aww subreddit of the week Please spay and neuter your pets! While your newborn pets are cute, failing to do this allows your little darlings to add to the population of homeless animals. Posts must feature adorable content of John Oliver, Chiijohn, or anything else that closely resembles them. We're here to help, but please provide a link/URL when you modmail us. No social media links or personally identifiable information. New users (< 3,000 comment karma) may only post OC, vice reposts or stock photos. Don't submit more than 4 posts in 24 hours. No asking for donations, sponsorship or adoptions (try /r/care or /r/assistance). This includes not only inappropriate images but also inappropriate text, innuendo, or inappropriate jokes in comments. Posts must link to sites on our approved list. No post titles asking for upvotes or approval. No comics, captioned pictures/videos (try r/lolcats, r/cute, or r/animaltextgifs), or photos of just text. No "sad" content, such as pics of animals that have passed away (try /r/petloss), animals that have been injured/abused, or sob stories (e.g. Rule 0 (aka 12): Posts must feature adorable content of John Oliver, Chiijohn, or anything else that closely resembles them. Similar spurs are found in many archaic mammal groups, indicating that this is an ancient characteristic for mammals as a whole, and not exclusive to the platypus or other monotremes.A place for really cute pictures and videos of John Oliver, Chiijohn, and anything else that closely resembles them. Since only males produce venom and production rises during the breeding season, it may be used as an offensive weapon to assert dominance during this period. The venom appears to have a different function from those produced by non-mammalian species its effects are not life-threatening to humans, but nevertheless powerful enough to seriously impair the victim. The female platypus, in common with echidnas, has rudimentary spur buds that do not develop (dropping off before the end of their first year) and lack functional crural glands. Venom is produced in the crural glands of the male, which are kidney-shaped alveolar glands connected by a thin-walled duct to a calcaneus spur on each hind limb. Oedema rapidly develops around the wound and gradually spreads throughout the affected limb. Although powerful enough to kill smaller animals such as dogs, the venom is not lethal to humans, but the pain is so excruciating that the victim may be incapacitated. The function of defensins is to cause lysis in pathogenic bacteria and viruses, but in platypuses, they also are formed into venom for defense. The DLPs are produced by the immune system of the platypus. While both male and female platypuses are born with ankle spurs, only the spurs on the male's back ankles deliver venom, composed largely of defensin-like proteins (DLPs), three of which are unique to the platypus.
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